TALIBAN
| Active |
1994–1996 (militia)
1996–2001 (government)
2004–present (insurgency) |
|---|
| Ideology |
Deobandi fundamentalism
Pashtunwali |
| Groups |
Pashtuns |
| Leaders |
Mullah Mohammed Omar (founder and spiritual leader) |
| Headquarters |
Kandahar (1996-2001) |
| Area of operations |
Afghanistan and northwest Pakistan |
| Strength |
45,000 (2001 est.)
11,000 (2008 est.)
36,000 (2010 est.)
60,000 (2014 est.) |
The word Taliban is Pashto,
meaning "students".
Taliban is the fundamentalist political movement in Afghanistan. It spread throughout Afghanistan and formed a government, ruling as the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan from September 1996 until December 2001, with Kandahar as the capital. However, it gained diplomatic recognition from only three states: Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates. Mohammed Omar is the founder and has been serving as the spiritual leader of the Taliban since its foundation in 1994.
The majority of the Taliban are made up of Afghan Pashtun tribesmen.
The Taliban's leaders were influenced by Deobandi fundamentalism,
and many also strictly follow the social and cultural norm called Pashtunwali.
From 1995 to 2001, the Pakistani Inter-Services Intelligence
and military
are widely alleged by the international community to have provided
support to the Taliban. Their connections are possibly through Harkat-ul-Mujahideen, a terrorist group founded by Sami ul Haq.
Pakistan is accused by many international officials of continuing to
support the Taliban; Pakistan states that it dropped all support for the
group after 9/11.
Al-Qaeda also supported the Taliban with regiments of imported fighters from Arab countries and Central Asia.
The Taliban movement traces its origin to the Pakistani-trained mujahideen in northern Pakistan, during the Soviet war in Afghanistan. When Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq became President of Pakistan he feared that the Soviets were planning to invade Balochistan, Pakistan so he sent Akhtar Abdur Rahman
to Saudi Arabia to garner support for the Afghan resistance against
Soviet occupation forces. In the meantime, the United States and Saudi
Arabia joined the struggle against the Soviet Union by providing all the funds.
Zia-ul-Haq aligned himself with Pakistan's Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam
and later picked General Akhtar Abdur Rahman to lead the insurgency
against the Soviet Union inside Afghanistan. About 90,000 Afghans,
including Mohammad Omar, were trained by Pakistan's ISI during the 1980s.
The Taliban were criticized for their strictness toward those who
disobeyed their imposed rules. Many Muslims complained that most Taliban
rules had no basis in the Qur'an or sharia.
On June 15, 2014 Pakistan army launches operation ‘Zarb-e-Azb’ in North Waziristan to remove and root-out Taliban from Pakistan.
In this operation 327 hardcore terrorists had been killed while 45
hideouts and 2 bomb making factories of terrorists were destroyed in
North Waziristan Agency as the operation continues.
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